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Let us say you had one legit $20 and one really good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to try to spend both the real bill and the fake one, someone who took the problem of looking at either of those invoices' consecutive numbers would observe that they were the same number, and thus one of them needed to be fictitious.

That isn't a great analogy--we'll explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has verified 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are entitled to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was established by Satoshi Nakamoto, and is a matter of controversy, as some miners believe the block size ought to be increased to accommodate more information.

Note that I stated that verifying 1 MB worth of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will get paid out.

1MB of transactions can theoretically be as small as 1 transaction (although this is not at all common) or several thousand. It depends on how much information the transactions take up.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to meet two conditions. One is a matter of effort, one is a matter of luck.

2) You must be the first miner to arrive at the perfect answer to some numeric problem. This practice is also known as a proof of work.

The good news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You might have heard that miners are solving challenging mathematical problems--that's not true at all. What they are doing is trying to be the first miner to come up with a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  which is less than or equivalent to the target hash.

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The bad news: Since it is guesswork, you need a lot of computing power in order to get there first. To mine , you need to have a higher"hash speed," that is quantified in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate just how much Bitcoin you could mine along with your mining rig's hash pace, the site Cryptocompare provides a very helpful calculator.

Either a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from index $500 into the tens of thousands.  Some miners--particularly Ethereum miners--buy individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a low-cost way to cobble together mining operations.  The photograph below is a makeshift, home-made mining machine.  The cards are those rectangular blocks with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the pictures cards to the metal rod.

Case in point : I tell three friends I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, visit homepage and that I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they simply have to be the very first person to guess any number that is less than or equal to this number I am thinking of.

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Let's say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There's no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer try this out was closer to the goal answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin terms, simultaneous answers happen frequently, but at the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented which can be equal to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will determine by a simple majority--51%--that miner to honour. Typically, it is the miner who has done the work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan block" .

Now imagine that I pose the"figure what number I am thinking of" question, but I am not asking only three friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking of a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely difficult to guess the right answer.

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The number preceding has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand up to now. As you probably noticed, that number consists not just of numbers, but also letters of this alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand these letters are doing in the middle of numbers, let's unpack the word"hexadecimal."

As you know, we use the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that each and every digit has 10 chances, 0-9.